- Obtain image
- Project image
- Frame
- Detect phenomena
- Prescribe image features
- Notice
- Recognise
- Outline
- Orient / Navigate
- Survey
- Delineate
- Map scales
- Index / Gauge
- Calculate
- Establish phenomena
- Survey
- Compare / Identify
- Match
- Cross-match
- Prescribe / Certify
- Copy / Record
- Geometrical model
- Link / Connect
- Reproduce
- Mix / Explore
- Visual illusion
- Graphical illusion
- Instrument illusion
- Forced illusion
- Mimesis / Immersion
Perspective functions may operate through the Viewing / Imaging Class, the Projecting Class, or both.
Perspective Visual
Perspective Optical
Perspective Mathematical
Perspective Graphical
Perspective Instrument
Perspective Simulated
Perspective New Media
Perspective
A Perspective Function may operate within one or more Category modes.
Modelling Function concerns the use of perspective processes to construct, organise, reproduce, connect or explore a model of spatial reality, an object, a scene, an image or a set of spatial relationships.
Modelling is broader than simply drawing an object. A perspective model may preserve selected properties of spatial reality, establish geometrical relationships, link information from several views or provide a structure within which spatial alternatives can be tested and explored.
Modelling as a Perspective Function
A perspective process performs a Modelling Function when it constructs or organises a working representation of spatial properties and relationships.
The model may be graphical, geometrical, mathematical, optical, physical, computational or simulated.
The essential feature is that the perspective system uses information about spatial reality to establish a structured form through which that reality can be recorded, represented, analysed, reconstructed or explored.
Principal Modelling Operations
Within the PRC Functions of Perspective map, the Modelling Function includes several related operations:
- Copy / Record — preserve selected spatial or visual properties of a scene or object;
- Geometrical model — construct a geometrically ordered account of spatial relationships;
- Link / Connect — relate information from different images, views, objects or systems;
- Reproduce — reconstruct or generate corresponding perspective relationships; and
- Mix / Explore — combine or investigate multiple views, spatial alternatives or represented realities.
Copying and Recording
One of the simplest modelling operations is to copy or record selected properties of a spatial object or scene.
A drawing, photograph, scan or digital reconstruction may preserve information concerning apparent shape, relative size, position, orientation, colour, depth or spatial arrangement.
The resulting record need not reproduce every property of the original reality. A perspective model usually selects, simplifies or structures information according to the purpose of the system.
Geometrical Modelling
Geometrical modelling uses points, lines, planes, directions, scales or other geometrical relationships to construct an ordered account of spatial reality.
This may include the modelling of viewpoint, projection, object position, orientation, recession, depth, vanishing relationships or the apparent form of spatial objects.
Geometrical modelling is particularly important in graphical perspective, technical drawing, architecture, surveying, computer graphics and other systems in which spatial relationships must be explicitly constructed or calculated.
Linking and Connecting Information
A perspective model can connect information that would otherwise remain distributed across different views, images or spatial positions.
For example, several views of the same object may be related through common features, coordinates, measurements or spatial references.
This allows a perspective system to build a more extensive spatial account than could be obtained from a single isolated view.
Integrating Multiple Views
Many modelling systems combine information from more than one viewpoint.
Multiple photographs, scans, drawings, projections or generated views may be linked to reconstruct an object, environment or spatial system.
This principle is important in photogrammetry, three-dimensional reconstruction, computer vision, mapping, virtual environments and multi-view visualisation.
Perspective modelling can therefore move beyond the limits of any single view by integrating several related perspectives into one larger spatial structure.
Reproduction
Reproduction uses an established model or set of spatial relationships to generate a corresponding image, view, form or spatial arrangement.
A graphical construction may reproduce the projected appearance of an object, while a digital model may generate many different perspective views from the same underlying spatial structure.
The same model can therefore serve as a source for multiple perspective products.
Mixing and Exploring
Perspective models can also be used to combine, transform and explore spatial information.
Different viewpoints, representations or spatial realities may be mixed within a common system, allowing relationships to be examined that may not be directly available in the original scene.
Digital and New Media systems make this function especially visible because a spatial model can be navigated, altered, recombined and viewed repeatedly from changing positions.
Modelling and the Represent Goal
Modelling belongs principally beneath the broad Represent family of perspective functions.
A model provides a structured means of describing, reconstructing, predicting or exploring spatial reality rather than merely viewing it.
However, modelling can also support Match. A model may be compared against measurements, photographs, scans or known spatial forms in order to test correspondence between represented and physical reality.
Modelling and the Two Perspective Classes
Modelling may operate through the Viewing or Imaging Class, the Projecting Class, or through systems combining both directions.
Captured images may provide information from which a model is constructed. A model may then generate or project new images and spatial appearances.
Class therefore describes the direction of the relevant perspective process, while Modelling describes the function being performed by that process.
Modelling Function and Model Product
The Modelling Function should be distinguished from the Perspective Model Product.
The Function describes the operation through which spatial information is organised, constructed, linked or explored.
The Product is the resulting model.
In simplified form:
Modelling Function → modelling process → Perspective Model Product
This distinction prevents an operation and its output from being treated as though they occupy the same analytical level.
Modelling Within the Analytical System
Modelling belongs to the Function level of the seven-part analytical system:
- Category — principal source or mode;
- Class — fundamental direction;
- Type — method, system or process;
- Form — resulting appearance;
- Phenomenon — visible or detectable effect;
- Function — what the process does; and
- Product — what the process produces.
Modelling is therefore an operation that may occur within many different Perspective Categories, Classes and Types and may result in several different Products.
Related Perspective Topics
Functions of Perspective →
Representing — Goal of Perspective →
Perspective Model Product →
Classification Function →
Measurement Function →
Observation Function →
Capture / Project Function →
Perspective Process →
New Media Perspective →
Perspective Product →